Class 8 Chapter 1 Science - Crop Production and Management

Class 8 Chapter 1 Science - Crop Production and Management NCERT Solutions

Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Solutions: Future Study Point provides NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Chapter 1 Science – Crop Production and Management – to help students with their homework and exams. This chapter explains how crops are grown and managed, which is important to know because farming is a big part of our economy. By using these Class 8 Science Chapter 1 NCERT solutions, students can better understand the basics of agriculture and how it impacts our daily lives.

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Download the Class 8 Science Chapter 1 Solutions PDF for Crop Production and Management. This easy-to-follow guide includes NCERT solutions for Class 8 Chapter 1, helping you with homework and exam preparation. The PDF format makes it convenient to study offline and have all the answers you need at your fingertips, anytime, anywhere.

Access Answers to all Exercise Questions for NCERT Class 8 Chapter 1 Science

Page No 13 – Class 8 Chapter 1 Science NCERT Solutions

Q1. Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.

float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation

(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called ……..

(b) The first step before growing crops is ……….. of the soil.

(c) Damaged seeds would ……….. on top of water.

(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and ……….. and ……… from the soil are essential.

Solution:

(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called crop

(b) The first step before growing crops is the preparation of the soil.

(c) Damaged seeds would float on top of water.

(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight and water and nutrients from the soil are essential

Page No 14 – Class 8 Chapter 1 Science NCERT Solutions

Q2.Match items in column A with those in column B.

A	B
(i) Kharif Crop	(a) Food for cattle
(ii) Rabi Crop	(b) Urea and Superphosphate
(iii) Chemical Fertilizer	(c) Animal excreta, cow dung, urine, and plant wastes
(iv) Organic manure	(d) Wheat, gram and pea (e) Paddy and maize

Solution:

A	B
(i) Kharif Crop	(e) Paddy and maize
(ii) Rabi Crop	(d) Wheat , gram and pea
(iii) Chemical Fertilizer	(b) Urea and Superphosphate
(iv) Organic manure	(c) Animal excreta, cow dung, urine, and plant wastes

Q3. Give two examples of each.

(a) Kharif crop

(b) Rabi crop

Solution:

(a) Kharif crop: Rice, Bajra

(b) Rabi crop: Wheat, Pea

Q4. Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.

(a) Preparation of soil

(b) Sowing

(c) Weeding

(d) Threshing

Solution:

Preparation of Soil: Preparation of the soil or cultivation involves loosening of the soil and tilling which is necessary before sowing the seeds because it helps in exchanging air to the seeds and in penetration of the roots. Preparation of the soil also helps in the breeding of earthworms and microbes that enrich the soil with humus and other nutrients.

(b) Sowing: In the production of crop after the preparation of the soil second step is sowing, sowing is inserting the seeds into the soil, and sowing is done by the help of hoe or seed drill.

(c) Weeding: Removal of unnecessary plants which are developed between the plants of the crop is known as weeding.Weeds consumes limited nutrients of the soil and sucks the nutrients from the roots of the crop plants that yiels poor production of the crop.Weeds are also mixed up with the crop plants during the harvesting which may be dangerous for the cattles because some of the weeds are poisonous.

(d) Threshing: Threshing is the removal of seeds from the husk and straw by the method of winnowing which is a process of blowing wind through the mixture of seeds , husk and straws.Thresher machine is also used to separate crop from the chaff.

Q5. Explain how fertilizers are different from manures.

Solution:

Fertilizer	Manure
Fertilizers are made of inorganic or organic substances for improving the physical properties of soil.	Manure is made entirely of organic substances
Fertilizers are made in factories	Manures are made by animal waste and remainders of plant
Rich in a few of the nutrients	Contains more nutrients but in a small percentage
Long-term usage leads to adverse effects on soil	Long-term usage improves the fertility of the soil
Fertilizers are cost-effective so farmers can afford them easily	Manures are expensive
Using fertilizer plants grow faster	Using manures plants grow slower

Q6.What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation that conserve water.

Solution: Irrigation is the process of fulfilling the water requirement of the plants, water is applied to the plants in regular intervals by irrigation to keep them healthy which is necessary for better productivity. There are so many methods of irrigation like localized irrigation, surface irrigation,centre pivot irrigation, sub-irrigation, manual irrigation, etc.

The modern way of irrigation that conserves water are (i) Drip irrigation (ii)Sprinkler irrigation

(i) Drip irrigation: In this method, a network of pipe lines is installed on the field is called ‘driplines’ featuring small units called drippers, these dripper delivers water directly to the root of the plants in a controlled way as per the need of the plants, this method of irrigation helps farmers to get the better yield and in conserving water.

(ii) Sprinkler irrigation: This method is suitable for uneven surfaces of the field, in this method perpendicular pipes are fitted with the nozzles at their top, and all the perpendicular pipes are connected to the main pipe lines. When water is allowed to flow in the main pipeline, due to the under pressure the pumps rotate the nozles and sprinkle the water on the ground somewhat resembling the rain.

Page No 14 – Class 8 Chapter 1 Science NCERT Solutions

Q7. If wheat is sown in the Kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.

Solution: Kharif season in indian subcontinent is from june to november,depending on the area,in this period only those crops are cultivated which are needed more water and humidity like rice ,wheat is needed less water and humidity if it is sown in the kharif season it will be destroyed due to the excess water and humidity.

Q8. Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.

Solution: Continuous plantation of the crop in a field leads to a deficiency of the minerals like phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen, etc, and microorganisms. The lack of nutrients in the soil will make the plants unhealthy or they die so if the cultivation of crops continues the crops will result in poor productivity.

Q9.What are weeds? How can we control them?

Solution: Undesirable plants grown between the crop plants are known as weeds. These weeds suck the required nutrients of the soil resulting in a poor yield of the crop. Weeds are removed by the process of tilling that uprooted them or by aiding chemicals to the soil known as weedicide.

Q10. Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.

Sending crop to sugar factory(1),Irrigation(2),Harvesting(3),Sowing(4),Preparation of soil(5),Ploughing the field(6),Manuring(7)

Solution: The correct order is Preparation of soil(5),Ploughing the field(6),Sowing(4),Manuring(7),Irrigation(2),Harvesting(3),Sending crop to sugar factory(1)

Q11. Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues given below.

Down

1. Providing water to the crop

2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper condition

3. Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale

Across

4. A machine used for cutting the manured crop

5. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses

6. A process of separating the grain from the chaff

Solution.

Down

1. Irrigation

2. Storage

3. Crop

Across

4. Harvestor

5. Gram

6. Winnowing