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Difference Between Kinetic and Potential Energy and Verification of their Formulas
Difference Between Kinetic and Potential Energy: Kinetic energy of an object is the efficiency of doing work by a moving object and Potential energy is the efficiency of doing work by a stationary object in its special position or configuration. When an object is thrown upwards in the sky,the kinetic energy of the object decreases and its amount is proportional to the square of the velocity of the object, the velocity of the rising object decreases as objects lift up so its kinetic energy decreases and potential energy increases as the height of the object increases with the lift. When the object gets maximum height its kinetic energy becomes zero due to the zero velocity of the object and potential energy becomes maximum due to the gain of maximum height, then the object returns to the earth and its kinetic energy increases with the increase of its velocity and becomes maximum when reaches near to the earth. The sum of kinetic energy and potential energy is the same at every point in the whole journey of the object,it follows the law of conservation of energy. Therefore one form of energy can be transferred to another form of energy.
Difference Between Kinetic and Potential Energy and Verification of their Formulas
Why are Kinetic and Potential energy known as Mechanical energy?
Kinetic energy is associated with the motion of the object and potential energy is associated with the position of the object when it is at rest, so both of them are associated with motion and position therefore both of them are called mechanical energy.
Kinetic Energy: The capacity of doing work by a moving object is known as kinetic energy. kinetic energy depends on the external environment(i.e external imbalance forces).
Verification of the formula for Kinetic Energy:
An object is moved after a force is applied on it and it is displaced to a distance,so work is done on the object,the moving object has an energy depends on the work done on it,in other words we can say the kinetic energy is the total work done on the object.
As we know the formula for work done
W = F.s
As already we have discussed
EK=W = F.s
Work is also defined as the transfer of the energy
W = ΔE
Where W is the work done ,F is the force applied on it and s is the displacement of the object
The formula of the force is
F = m.a,where m is the mass of the object and a is the acceleration produced by the force on the object
EK= m.a.s……..(i)
From third equation of the motion
v² = u² +2as
a = (v² – u²)/2s
Putting the value of a in equation (i)
EK =m. s(v² – u²)/2s
Let the initial velocity,u of the object is zero
EK=(1/2)mv2
Potential Energy: The capacity of doing work by a stationary object in its specific position or configuration is known as potential energy, potential energy depends on the internal environment(i.e particles inside the object).
Verification of the formula for Potential Energy:
Let an object is located at a certain height,h from the ground
The work done on the object in displacing it from the ground is
W = F.h
The work done on the object is stored as Potentil Energy of the object
W =EP
F = mg……(i), where F is the gravitational force against which the work is done on the object
EP = mg.h
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