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Displacement and Double displacement Reactions.
Displacement reaction and double displacement reaction: A displacement reaction is a chemical reaction in which a more reactive element substitutes the other element from the solution of its compound while a double displacement reaction is a chemical reaction in which there is the exchange of ions between two reactants.In displacement reaction, aqueous solutions of two compounds are combined then cations and anions of both compounds displace each other.
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Table of content
- Displacement reaction
- Examples of displacement reaction
- Double displacement reaction
- Example of double displacement reaction
- Precipitation reaction
- Neutralization reaction
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Displacement and Double displacement Reactions.
Displacement Reaction:
The reactivity series of the elements is K>Na>Ca>Mg>Al>C>Zn>Fe>Cu and so on. The element with higher reactivity substitutes other lesser reactive elements from its solution. The reaction between an element and the solution of a compound of another element lies in low grade in the reactivity series then the element which has a higher rank in the reactivity series substitutes the element from the solution of its compound, such a reaction is known as displacement reaction.
C+ AB →CB + A
In reactivity series C>A, therefore element C displaces element A and forms a new compound CB freeing A.
Iron nails become brownish in color and the blue color of copper sulfate turns light blue due to the formation of iron sulfate.
Examples:
(i) Fe(s) + CuSO4 (aq)→ FeSO4 (aq)+Cu(s)
In this reaction Fe is more reactive than Cu, therefore Fe displaces Cu from the solution of CuSO4 and forms FeSO4.
(ii) Zn(s) + CuSO4 (aq)→ ZnSO4 (aq)+Cu(s)
In this reaction Zn is more reactive than Cu, therefore Zn displaces Cu from the solution of CuSO4 and forms ZnSO4.
(iii) Pb(s) + CuCl2 (aq)→ PbCl2 (aq)+Cu(s)
In this reaction Pb is more reactive than Cu, therefore Pb displaces Cu from the solution of CuCl2 and forms PbCl2.
Double displacement reaction:
A double displacement reaction is a reaction between two compounds in which ions of both compound exchanges with each other making two new compounds.
A+B– + C+D–→A+D– + C+B–
Examples:
BaCl2 (aq)+ Na2SO4(aq)→BaSO4 (aq)+ 2NaC(aq)
The cations Ba2- and Na+ displace each other forming new compounds BaSO4 and 2NaCl.
Precipitation reaction:
Two aqueous compounds form such a compound which is insoluble in water. An example of a precipitation reaction is the reaction between lead nitrate and potassium iodide, both of them are soluble in water and make a clear and colorless solution. When both lead nitrate(aq) and potassium iodide(aq) are combined they form an insoluble substance potassium iodide.
In this double displacement reaction lead iodide an insoluble substance is known as a precipitate.
Neutralization reaction:
Aqueous solutions of base and acid are combined to form aqueous solutions of salt and water, such a double displacement reaction of acid and base is known as a neutralization reaction.
NaOH (aq)+HCl(aq)→NaCl(aq)+ H2O(l)
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