NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Chapter 1 Living World 

NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Biology Living World are created here for the purpose of helping the class 11 students in the preparation of the CBSE Board exam. All unsolved questions of chapter 1 living world are explained scientifically by an expert of biology so every student can understand the solutions properly. You can study here all NCERT Solutions of maths and science free of cost. You can also download an e-book of science and maths notes.

Q1.Why are living organisms classified?

Ans. Classification of the living organisms is required for achieving information about the evolutions of the organism, it also helps us to be aware of the cause of extinction of the species so that we could eliminate those causes whatever happened in the past. Classification of the organism makes us become able to link one group of animals to another group of animals, classification of the animals also helps us to enhance the productivity of the crops and other plants helpful for mankind.

Q2.Why are the classification systems changing every now and then?

Ans. Science and technology is always changing ever now , and new technics for further classification is still in progress, initially, the classification was based on the habit and habitat of the animals, later it is based on morphology and embryology, in both of these technics the development of the parts of the body of animals and the development of the organisms are studied, later phylogenetic came into existence in which the evolutionary relationship is studied in the animals then followed by cytology which shows the relationship among the organisms on the cellular basis and modern days the classification is based on the nucleic acid molecules of the cells.

Q3.What different criteria would you choose to classify people that you meet often?

Ans. The people whom we met on the basis of gender, religion, race, skin color, geographical location, language, behavior, etc.

Q4.What do we learn from the identification of individuals and populations?

Ans. The identification of individuals and populations leads us to get information about the similarities and dissimilarities among the individuals, depending upon these similarities and dissimilarities we can classify the individuals in a different groups that making us easier to study all the individuals.

Q5. Given below is the scientific name of Mango. Identify the correctly written name.

Mangifera Indica

Mangifera indica

Ans. The scientific name of the Mango is Mangifera indica, Mangifera is the genus name and indica is the species name always written in lower case.

Q6.Define a taxon. Give some examples of taxa at different hierarchical levels.

Ans. Taxon is a scientifically classified group,it is a plural of taxa,it is a level of hierarchy in the system of  classifying  organisms.

Examples

(i) Kingdom

(ii)Phylum

(iii)Class

(iv)Order

(v)Family

(vi)Genus

(vii)Species

Q7. Can you identify the correct sequence of taxonomical categories?

(a) Species Order Phylum Kingdom

(b) Genus Species Order Kingdom

(c) Species Genus Order Phylum

Ans.The correct sequence of taxonomical categories

(a) Species Order Phylum Kingdom

(c) Species Genus Order Phylum

Q8.Try to collect all the currently accepted meanings for the word ‘species’. Discuss with your teacher the meaning of species in case of higher plants and animals on one hand, and bacteria on the other

Ans. Species is the lowest level in the system of classifying the organism, species is the group of the organism which resembles each other more closely in essential morphological and reproductive characteristics, the individual of a species interbreed with each other and produce fertile offsprings that make the species an isolated group from another group of the organisms.

The species of the higher plants and animals, the organism of a particular species are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring but bacteria do not involve sexual reproduction that leads them to no true breeding. Thus bacteria are classified on the basis of other characteristics such as molecular homology, biochemical, physiological, ecological, and morphological criteria.

Q9.Define and understand the following terms:

(i) Phylum (ii) Class (iii) Family (iv) Order (v) Genus

(i)Phylum: Phylum is a category in the taxonomy of the hierarchy which is below the kingdom and higher than class. Phylum is used for classifying the animals resembling some of the characters. A phylum contains one or more classes for example phylum Chordata contains the classes, Mammalia, Aves, reptiles, amphibians, etc. In the plants, the division is used instead of phylum.

(ii) Class: Class is a category in the taxonomy of the hierarchy which is below the phylum and higher than order.A class contains one or more orders for example Mammalia contains three classes Eutheria,Metatheria and prototheria .

(iii) Family: Family is a category in the taxonomy of the hierarchy which is below the order and higher than genus.A family contains one or more genus for example the family Felidae contains felis,Panthera etc.

(iv) Order: Order is a category in the taxonomy of the hierarchy which is below the class and higher than family.An order contains one or more family for example Carnivora contains the families Felidae, Canidae, etc.

(v) Genus: Genus  is a category in the taxonomy of the hierarchy which is below the family and higher than species.A genus contains one or more species for example the genus felis consists of the different species of the cat, for example, felis bieti,felis catus etc.

Q10.How is a key helpful in the identification and classification of an organism?

Ans. Key is an artificial analytic device having a list of statements of different taxonomical characters. Key help us to identify a species without taking time, key is primarily based on the reliable and stable characteristics of plants and animals, separate taxonomic keys are used to identify order, family, genus, and species.

Q11.Illustrate the taxonomical hierarchy with suitable examples of a plant and an animal.

The table below describes the taxonomic hierarchy with Tiger as an example of an animal and mustard as an example of a plant.

Taxon	Tiger	Mustard
Kigdom	Animal	Plantae
Phylum/Division	Chordata	Magnoliophyta
Class	Mammalia	Magnoliopsida
Order	Carnivora	Brassicales
Family	Felidae	Brassicaceae
Genus	Panthera	Brassica
Species	Panthera tigris	B.Juncea

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NCERT Solutions of Science and Maths for Class 9,10,11 and 12

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Chapter 1- Number System	Chapter 9-Areas of parallelogram and triangles
Chapter 2-Polynomial	Chapter 10-Circles
Chapter 3- Coordinate Geometry	Chapter 11-Construction
Chapter 4- Linear equations in two variables	Chapter 12-Heron’s Formula
Chapter 5- Introduction to Euclid’s Geometry	Chapter 13-Surface Areas and Volumes
Chapter 6-Lines and Angles	Chapter 14-Statistics
Chapter 7-Triangles	Chapter 15-Probability
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NCERT Solutions for class 9 science 

Chapter 1-Matter in our surroundings	Chapter 9- Force and laws of motion
Chapter 2-Is matter around us pure?	Chapter 10- Gravitation
Chapter3- Atoms and Molecules	Chapter 11- Work and Energy
Chapter 4-Structure of the Atom	Chapter 12- Sound
Chapter 5-Fundamental unit of life	Chapter 13-Why do we fall ill ?
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Chapter 2-Polynomial	Chapter 10-Circles
Chapter 3-Linear equations	Chapter 11- Construction
Chapter 4- Quadratic equations	Chapter 12-Area related to circle
Chapter 5-Arithmetic Progression	Chapter 13-Surface areas and Volume
Chapter 6-Triangle	Chapter 14-Statistics
Chapter 7- Co-ordinate geometry	Chapter 15-Probability
Chapter 8-Trigonometry

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Chapter 1- Chemical reactions and equations	Chapter 9- Heredity and Evolution
Chapter 2- Acid, Base and Salt	Chapter 10- Light reflection and refraction
Chapter 3- Metals and Non-Metals	Chapter 11- Human eye and colorful world
Chapter 4- Carbon and its Compounds	Chapter 12- Electricity
Chapter 5-Periodic classification of elements	Chapter 13-Magnetic effect of electric current
Chapter 6- Life Process	Chapter 14-Sources of Energy
Chapter 7-Control and Coordination	Chapter 15-Environment
Chapter 8- How do organisms reproduce?	Chapter 16-Management of Natural Resources

NCERT Solutions for class 11 maths

Chapter 1-Sets	Chapter 9-Sequences and Series
Chapter 2- Relations and functions	Chapter 10- Straight Lines
Chapter 3- Trigonometry	Chapter 11-Conic Sections
Chapter 4-Principle of mathematical induction	Chapter 12-Introduction to three Dimensional Geometry
Chapter 5-Complex numbers	Chapter 13- Limits and Derivatives
Chapter 6- Linear Inequalities	Chapter 14-Mathematical Reasoning
Chapter 7- Permutations and Combinations	Chapter 15- Statistics
Chapter 8- Binomial Theorem	Chapter 16- Probability

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Chapter 1-Relations and Functions	Chapter 9-Differential Equations
Chapter 2-Inverse Trigonometric Functions	Chapter 10-Vector Algebra
Chapter 3-Matrices	Chapter 11 – Three Dimensional Geometry
Chapter 4-Determinants	Chapter 12-Linear Programming
Chapter 5- Continuity and Differentiability	Chapter 13-Probability
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Chapter 7- Integrals
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