Functioning of Soda-Acid Fire Extinguisher

 

The reaction of acids with metal hydrogen carbonate(NaHCO3) is used in the fire extinguishers which produces carbon dioxide.

The vessel of the fire extinguisher is a metallic cylinder that contains solutions of baking soda NaHCO3  in a wash bottle and a suspended ignition tube containing a dilute sulphuric acid, the cap of the ignition tube is connected to the thread which is further connected to the knob of the wash bottle. When the cylinder is tilted and inverted against the ground, the bottle containing acid is broken down and acid comes into the contact with the baking soda.

The baking soda and sulphuric acid react to each other, during the reaction carbon dioxide and water are produced which are heavier than air, therefore cutting off the connection between air and the burning surface which results to extinguish the fire .

2NaHCO₃ + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO4 +2H₂O +2CO₂

These types of fire extinguishers are used in cinema halls, multistorey buildings, and malls.

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