What is the latent heat of fusion and latent heat of vaporization?

When we continue to heat a solid then what we observe its temperature rises up linearly but as the solid achieves its melting point the rise in temperature stops even if we continue to heat it the temperature remains constant until the whole of the solid changes into the liquid, now the question is raised what happened to that additional heat given to solid, where is it used? The answer is the heat energy given to a solid at its melting point is utilized to overcome the force of attraction between the particles of the solid. This additional heat energy which is used in changing one state of matter to another state is known as latent heat of the matter.In the case of solid to liquid, it is known as latent heat of fusion because the additional energy used to fuse(separate) the particles of solid in changing into liquid at its melting point, and it is called the latent heat of vapourization when this additional energy is used to overcome the force of attraction between the particles of liquid while changing the liquid to vapor at its boiling point.

 

We take the example of the transformation of the ice into water and water into vapor, when we continually heat the ice from a certain temperature below 0°C, its temperature rises up linearly until it achieves a melting point of 0°C, let total heat energy given to ice is H1 up to its melting point and the overall heat given is H2 until the whole of the ice changes into water.The heat given to ice at its melting point is (i.eΔH=H2 – H1) the latent heat of ice which is hidden heat in the water of 0°C.

In the same we can understand the latent heat of vaporization,  when we continually heat the water from 0°C temperature, its temperature rises up linearly until it achieves its boiling point of 100°C, let up to the boiling point the total heat energy given to water is H3 and overall heat given to water until the whole of the water changes into vapor is H4. The heat given to water at its boiling point is (i.eΔH’=H4 – H3) the latent heat of water which is hidden heat in the vapor of 100°C.

Definition: Latent heat of fusion: The amount of heat that is required to change 1 kg solid substance into liquid at the atmospheric pressure at its melting point without the rise in temperature.

Why does 0°C ice give more cooling effect than the water at 0°C : 0°C water has additional heat energy of fusion, therefore 0°C ice gives more cooling effect than the water at 0°C.

Definition: Latent heat of vaporization: The amount of heat that is required to change 1 kg liquid substance into vapor at the atmospheric pressure at its boiling point without the rise in temperature.

Why does burning caused by 100°C water vapour is more seviour than the 100°C water: 100°C water vapor has additional heat energy of vaporization, therefore 100°C water vapor gives more burning effect than the water at 100°C.

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Chapter 1- Number System	Chapter 9-Areas of parallelogram and triangles
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Chapter 3- Coordinate Geometry	Chapter 11-Construction
Chapter 4- Linear equations in two variables	Chapter 12-Heron’s Formula
Chapter 5- Introduction to Euclid’s Geometry	Chapter 13-Surface Areas and Volumes
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Chapter 1-Matter in our surroundings	Chapter 9- Force and laws of motion
Chapter 2-Is matter around us pure?	Chapter 10- Gravitation
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Chapter 4-Structure of the Atom	Chapter 12- Sound
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Chapter 1-Real number	Chapter 9-Some application of Trigonometry
Chapter 2-Polynomial	Chapter 10-Circles
Chapter 3-Linear equations	Chapter 11- Construction
Chapter 4- Quadratic equations	Chapter 12-Area related to circle
Chapter 5-Arithmetic Progression	Chapter 13-Surface areas and Volume
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Chapter 7- Co-ordinate geometry	Chapter 15-Probability
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Chapter 1- Chemical reactions and equations	Chapter 9- Heredity and Evolution
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Chapter 4- Carbon and its Compounds	Chapter 12- Electricity
Chapter 5-Periodic classification of elements	Chapter 13-Magnetic effect of electric current
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Chapter 7-Control and Coordination	Chapter 15-Environment
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Chapter 5-Complex numbers	Chapter 13- Limits and Derivatives
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Chapter 2-Inverse Trigonometric Functions	Chapter 10-Vector Algebra
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Chapter 4-Determinants	Chapter 12-Linear Programming
Chapter 5- Continuity and Differentiability	Chapter 13-Probability
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