Difference between the homologous and analogous structure of organs

Difference between the homologous and analogous structure of organs

The structures which have the same anatomy, morphology, embryology, and genetics but have different functions are called homologous structures. Structures of organs that look externally similar but don’t have the same function are known as homologous structures. Analogous structures are the structures that perform the same function but these structures are found in the organisms that have different looks, out of these clues scientists conclude that these organisms had different ancestors.

We can work out the evolutionary relationships of the species we see around us. We can do this by identifying hierarchies of characteristics between species. Similarities among organisms allow us to group them and then study the groups. The characteristics of the organisms mark a very basic difference in body design, because of the specialization of cell types and tissues. The more characteristics two species have in common, the more closely they are related, if it is so then more recently they would have a common ancestor.

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Difference between the homologous and analogous structure of organs

Homologous structures: Homologous is the Greek word, homo means same, and logos mean relation that means originated from the same ancestor. In the descendants, this structure may or may not have the same function. The homologous structures evolved as a result of adaptation to various environments.

The structures which have the same anatomy, morphology, embryology, and genetics but have different functions are called homologous structures. Structures of organs that look externally similar but don’t have the same function are known as homologous structures.

Analogous structures: Analogous is the word that came out from the word analogy which means two different things are adapted to the environment for doing the same thing. Analogous structures are the structures that perform the same function but these structures are found in the organisms that have different looks, out of these clues scientists conclude that these organisms had different ancestors.

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Examples of the Homologous structures: The animals with four legs and birds (two legs and two wings), these organisms are tetrapods (animals with four limbs). Four limbs in birds and bats show the example of homologous structures that tell us that birds and bats inherited four limbs from a common ancestor.

Examples of the analogous structures: The wings of the bat and wings of birds are an example of analogous organs since the wings of bat are the cover of the skin stretched between bones of the fingers and arms while birds’ wings consist of features that are extended all along the arms,it shows that bat and the birds got their wings from different ancestors.

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Chapter 4- Linear equations in two variables	Chapter 12-Heron’s Formula
Chapter 5- Introduction to Euclid’s Geometry	Chapter 13-Surface Areas and Volumes
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Chapter 2-Is matter around us pure?	Chapter 10- Gravitation
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Chapter 4-Structure of the Atom	Chapter 12- Sound
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Chapter 2-Polynomial	Chapter 10-Circles
Chapter 3-Linear equations	Chapter 11- Construction
Chapter 4- Quadratic equations	Chapter 12-Area related to circle
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