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Male and Female Reproductive System: Complete Anatomy for Grade 10 Students
Male and Female Reproductive System: Complete Anatomy is published here for helping the class 10 students since such types of inputs are required in the next class for the students who are willing to choose biology as a subject, especially the students who might be pursuing to pass the entrance exam like NEET and want to get admission in AIIMS or other medical entrance exams in all over the world. The topic of Male and Female Reproductive System: Complete Anatomy for Grade 10 Students is very important for everybody because this is one of the most important life processes for the survival of the human being. The next level of science in the field of biology is genetics in which there is the largest scope to do something new, so students should be aware of such topics that are essential to explore the world of reproduction for increasing the yield.
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Male and Female Reproductive System: Complete Anatomy for Grade 10 Students
Male Reproductive System
The male reproductive system consists of testes which secrete sperms, these sperms are transported through vas defferens which is a thin tube connected from tests to the tip of the penis known as the urethra, in this passage a thin tube is also connected from the urinary bladder to vas differens through which urine is allowed to pass out, two glands seminal vesicles, and prostate also exist in this passage, the glands seminal vesicles and prostate secrete a fluid which helps to transport sperm, the fluid with sperm is called semen when the penis is erected the urine is blocked and then semen is allowed to pass through the passage and come out through the urethra.
The function of the testes:
The tests are the spherical shaped organ attached to the root of the penis that two in numbers
- Produces sperm
- Produces testosterone a male hormone
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The function of testosterone:
Testosterone is responsible for the sexual differentiation of males, it controls primary and secondary sexual characteristics.
- Sex drive
- Muscle size and skeletal size
- Distribution of pubic and body hair
- Bone mass
- Fat distribution and stimulation of sweat glands
Primary sexual characteristics:
- Tests grow larger
- Penis grow longer
- During puberty, there is the production of gametes i.e sperm
Secondary sexual characteristics:
- Changes in physical characteristics that distinguish male and female.
- Secondary sexual characteristics are controlled by the hormone
- The test secretes testosterone which controls secondary sexual characteristics in males, like increase in the size of vocal cord, size of muscle and skeleton, sweat glands, and distribution of pubic hair
Female Reproductive System
The female reproductive system consists of the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Ovaries produce eggs(ova) the female germ cells. One egg cell is produced by either of the ovaries every month that passes through the fallopian tube which connects the ovaries to the uterus in both ends of the uterus. During intercourse the male germ cells sperms enter the vagina which passes through the cervix located at the end of the vagina which connects the vagina to the uterus then sperms transports through the uterus to the fallopian tube where it fertilizes the ongoing egg cell in the fallopian tube. The fertilized eggs are then further transported to one of the ends of the uterus and implants on the wall of the uterus then the fertilized egg is developed into a zygote and a zygote to the fetus.
If the egg is not fertilized by the sperm then what happens?
Since the uterus is prepared for the pregnancy but it is not fertilized by the sperm, therefore, the egg has to be flushed out, as a result, the lining on the walls of the uterus are thickened and broken then bleeding takes place which is known as a menstrual cycle(M.C) and through this process, the egg is flushed out. It occurs every month at the time of ovulation once every month.
The function of the ovaries:
The ovaries are the almond size and shaped organs attached to either side of the uterus
- Stores and produces eggs
- Produces estrogen and progesterone
two female hormones
The function of estrogen:
Estrogen is the female sex hormone produced by the ovaries, which is responsible for the development of breasts in puberty and the growth of the uterus lining during the menstrual cycle. In females, the estrogen hormone prepares the uterus for pregnancy. It also regulates the menstrual cycle, growth of pubic and underarm hair and also enhances the absorption of calcium, vitamin D, and others to increase bone mass.
The function of Progesterone:
This is a temporary gland that’s produced following the release of an egg from the ovary. Progesterone stimulates blood vessels to supply the endometrium(inner lining of the uterus). It also prompts the endometrium to provide nutrients to the developing embryo. Once the placenta has formed, it also produces progesterone. Eventually, the placenta becomes to the primary producer of progesterone.
Levels of progesterone increase periodically throughout pregnancy. The elevated level of progesterone prevents the body from producing additional eggs during pregnancy. Progesterone also helps to trigger lactation after the birth of the child.
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